Robust increase in supply by vessel dilation in globally coupled microvasculature. (arXiv:1911.13197v1 [physics.bio-ph])

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Neuronal activity induces changes in blood flow by locally dilating vessels in the brain microvasculature. How can the local dilation of a single vessel increase flow-based metabolite supply, given that flows are globally coupled within microvasculature? Solving the supply dynamics for rat brain microvasculature, we find one parameter regime to dominate physiologically. This regime allows…

Multi-objective Parameter Optimization of DWI-based Global Fiber Tracking with Neuronal Tracer Signal as a Reference. (arXiv:1911.13215v1 [physics.med-ph])

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Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows non-invasive exploration of brain structural information, crucial for understanding the human-brain; however, present-day diffusion-based tractography approaches are still lacking in accuracy. Improvement efforts included comparison with anatomical connectivity data, the usage of higher quality data, more sophisticated algorithms and parameters assessment. Despite that, well-known problems such as low sensitivity,…

Class-Conditional VAE-GAN for Local-Ancestry Simulation. (arXiv:1911.13220v1 [q-bio.GN])

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Local ancestry inference (LAI) allows identification of the ancestry of all chromosomal segments in admixed individuals, and it is a critical step in the analysis of human genomes with applications from pharmacogenomics and precision medicine to genome-wide association studies. In recent years, many LAI techniques have been developed in both industry and academic research. However,…

Influenza-associated mortality for circulatory and respiratory causes during the 2013-2014 through the 2018-2019 influenza seasons in Russia. (arXiv:1911.13244v1 [q-bio.PE])

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Background: Information on influenza-associated mortality in Russia is limited. Methods: Using previously developed methodology (Goldstein et al., Epidemiology 2012), we regressed the monthly rates of mortality for respiratory causes, as well as circulatory causes linearly against the monthly proxies for the incidence of influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N1 and B (obtained using data from the Smorodintsev Research…

Flatsomatic: A Method for Compression of Somatic Mutation Profiles in Cancer. (arXiv:1911.13259v1 [eess.IV])

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In this study, we present Flatsomatic – a Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) optimized to compress somatic mutations that allow for unbiased data compression whilst maintaining the signal. We compared two different neural network architectures for the VAE: Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and bidirectional LSTM. The somatic profiles we used to train our models consisted of 8,062…

Rototaxis: localization of active motion under rotation. (arXiv:1911.13276v1 [cond-mat.soft])

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The ability to navigate in complex, inhomogeneous environments is fundamental to survival at all length scales, giving rise to the rapid development of various subfields in bio-locomotion such as the well established concept of chemotaxis. In this work, we extend this existing notion of taxis to rotating environments and introduce the idea of “roto-taxis” to…

A Contribution to Theory of Factor Income Distribution, Cambridge Capital Controversy and Equity Premium Puzzle. (arXiv:1911.12490v1 [econ.TH])

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Under very general conditions, we construct a micro-macro model for closed economy with a large number of heterogeneous agents. By introducing both financial capital (i.e. valued capital—- equities of firms) and physical capital (i.e. capital goods), our framework gives a logically consistent, complete factor income distribution theory with micro-foundation. The model shows factor incomes obey…

An Integrated Early Warning System for Stock Market Turbulence. (arXiv:1911.12596v1 [econ.EM])

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This study constructs an integrated early warning system (EWS) that identifies and predicts stock market turbulence. Based on switching ARCH (SWARCH) filtering probabilities of the high volatility regime, the proposed EWS first classifies stock market crises according to an indicator function with thresholds dynamically selected by the two-peak method. A hybrid algorithm is then developed…

A Principal-Agent approach to study Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms. (arXiv:1911.12623v1 [econ.GN])

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We propose to study electricity capacity remuneration mechanism design through a Principal-Agent approach. The Principal represents the aggregation of electricity consumers (or a representative entity), subject to the physical risk of shortage, and the Agent represents the electricity capacity owners, who invest in capacity and produce electricity to satisfy consumers’ demand, and are subject to…

Quantitative description of complex magnetic nanoparticle arrays. (arXiv:1911.12480v1 [physics.app-ph])

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First-order reversal curves (FORC) measurements are broadly used for characterization of complex magnetic nanostructures, but a robust framework for quantitative analysis of the FORC data is still obscure despite numerous studies over decades. In this paper, we first establish a framework for extracting quantitative parameters from the FORC measurements conducted on samples including a single…