### Improving Conditioning in Context-Aware Sequence to Sequence Models. (arXiv:1911.09728v1 [cs.CL])

Neural sequence to sequence models are well established for applications which can be cast as mapping a single input sequence into a single output sequence. In this work, we focus on cases where generation is conditioned on both a short query and a long context, such as abstractive question answering or document-level translation. We modify…

### Canonical analysis of Holst action with first-class constraints only. (arXiv:1911.09690v1 [gr-qc])

We perform the canonical analysis of the Holst action for general relativity with a cosmological constant without introducing second-class constraints. Our approach consists in identifying the dynamical and nondynamical parts of the involved variables from the very outset. After eliminating the nondynamical variables associated with the connection, we obtain the description of phase space in…

### Heterotic strings on $(K3\times T^2)/\mathbb{Z}_3$ and their dual Calabi-Yau threefolds. (arXiv:1911.09697v1 [hep-th])

In this paper we study compactifications of the ${\cal N}=2$ heterotic $E_8\times E_8$ string on $(K3\times T^2)/\mathbb{Z}_3$ with various gauge backgrounds and calculate the topological couplings in the effective supergravity action that arise from one-loop amplitudes. We then identify candidates for dual type IIA compactifications on Calabi-Yau threefolds and compare the heterotic results with the…

### Algebraic solution to constrained bi-criteria decision problem of rating alternatives through pairwise comparisons. (arXiv:1911.09700v1 [math.OC])

We consider a decision-making problem to evaluate absolute ratings (priorities, scores) of alternatives (choices, decisions) from the results of their pairwise comparisons according to two equally weighted criteria, subject to constraints on the rates. First, we formulate the problem as a bi-objective optimization problem that consists in the simultaneous constrained approximation, in the Chebyshev sense…

### Maurice Janet’s algorithms on systems of linear partial differential equations. (arXiv:1911.09703v1 [math.HO])

This article presents the emergence of formal methods in theory of partial differential equations (PDE) in the french school of mathematics through Janet’s work in the period 1913-1930. In his thesis and in a series of articles published during this period, M. Janet introduced an original formal approach to deal with the solvability of the…

### On the number of vertices of Newton–Okounkov polygons. (arXiv:1911.09708v1 [math.AG])

The Newton–Okounkov body of a big divisor D on a smooth surface is a numerical invariant in the form of a convex polygon. We study the geometric significance of the shape of Newton–Okounkov polygons of ample divisors, showing that they share several important properties of Newton polygons on toric surfaces. In concrete terms, sides of…

### Local Spectral Clustering of Density Upper Level Sets. (arXiv:1911.09714v1 [math.ST])

We analyze the Personalized PageRank (PPR) algorithm, a local spectral method for clustering, which extracts clusters using locally-biased random walks around a given seed node. In contrast to previous work, we adopt a classical statistical learning setup, where we obtain samples from an unknown distribution, and aim to identify connected regions of high-density (density clusters).…

### In situ measurements of the variable slow solar wind near sector boundaries. (arXiv:1911.09683v1 [astro-ph.SR])

The release of density structures at the tip of the coronal helmet streamers, likely as a consequence of magnetic reconnection, contributes to the mass flux of the slow solar wind. In situ measurements in the vicinity of the heliospheric plasma sheet of the magnetic field, protons and suprathermal electrons reveal details of the processes at…

### Mechanisms of Spatiotemporal Mode-Locking. (arXiv:1911.09702v1 [physics.optics])

Mode-locking is a process in which different modes of an optical resonator establish, through nonlinear interactions, stable synchronization. This self-organization underlies light sources that enable many modern scientific applications, such as ultrafast and high-field optics and frequency combs. Despite this, mode-locking has almost exclusively referred to self-organization of light in a single dimension – time.…

### High-resolution Photo-excitation Measurements Exacerbate the Long-standing Fe XVIII Emission Problem. (arXiv:1911.09707v1 [physics.atom-ph])

We measured the L-shell soft X-ray fluorescence of Fe XVII ions in an electron beam ion trap following resonant photo-excitation using synchrotron radiation provided by the P04 beamline at PETRA III. Special attention is paid to two 2p-3d transitions, the 3C and 3D lines that are essential plasma diagnostics tools for astrophysics. Their resulting oscillator-strength…