Biological Impact of Ozone Depletion at the End-Permian: A modeling study. (arXiv:1911.10188v1 [physics.ao-ph])

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The end-Permian mass extinction is the most severe known from the fossil record. The most likely cause is massive volcanic activity associated with the formation of the Permo-Triassic Siberian flood basalts. A proposed mechanism for extinction due to this volcanic activity is depletion of stratospheric ozone, leading to increased penetration of biologically damaging Solar ultraviolet-B…

Uncovering differential identifiability in network properties of human brain functional connectomes. (arXiv:1911.10193v1 [q-bio.NC])

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The Identifiability Framework (If) has been shown to improve differential identifiability (reliability across-sessions and -sites, and differentiability across-subjects) of functional connectomes for a variety of fMRI tasks. But having a robust single session/subject functional connectome is just the starting point to subsequently assess network properties for characterizing properties of integration, segregation and communicability, among others.…

New trends in mechanistic transdermal drug delivery modelling: Towards an accurate description of skin microstructure. (arXiv:1808.10045v4 [q-bio.TO] UPDATED)

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Interest for in silico modelling of the absorption of xenobiotics into the skin has been growing in the last years, owing to their lower cost compared to experimental alternatives, and the desire to avoid animal experimentation. This review presents an overview of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models and focuses on recent, modelling approaches, such as Finite…

Generalized Rayleigh-Plesset Theory for Cell Size Maintenance in Viruses and Bacteria. (arXiv:1902.07329v2 [physics.bio-ph] UPDATED)

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The envelopes covering bacterial cytoplasm possess remarkable elastic properties. They are rigid enough to resist large pressures while being flexible enough to adapt to growth under environmental constraints. Similarly, the virus shells play an important role in their functions. However, the effects of mechanical properties of the outer shell in controlling and maintaining the sizes…

Double Generalized Linear Model Reveals Those with High Intelligence are More Similar in Cortical Thickness. (arXiv:1906.02863v2 [q-bio.NC] UPDATED)

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Most studies indicate that intelligence (g) is positively correlated with cortical thickness. However, the interindividual variability of cortical thickness has not been taken into account. In this study, we aimed to identify the association between intelligence and cortical thickness in adolescents from both the group’s mean and dispersion point of view, utilizing the structural brain…

Guarantees in Fair Division: beyond Divide & Choose and Moving Knifes. (arXiv:1911.10009v1 [econ.TH])

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Divide and Choose among two agents, and the Diminishing Share (DS) and Moving Knife (MK) algorithms among many, elicit parsimonious information to guarantee to each a Fair Share, worth at least 1/n-th of the whole manna. Our n-person Divide and Choose (D&C) rule, unlike DS and MK, works if the manna has subjectively good and…

Speculative Trading, Prospect Theory and Transaction Costs. (arXiv:1911.10106v1 [q-fin.MF])

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A speculative agent with Prospect Theory preference chooses the optimal time to purchase and then to sell an indivisible risky asset as to maximize the expected utility of the round-trip profit net of transaction costs. The optimization problem is formulated as a sequential optimal stopping problem and we provide a complete characterization of the solution.…

Speed of Rational Social Learning in Networks with Gaussian Information. (arXiv:1911.10116v1 [econ.TH])

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We consider a sequential social-learning environment with rational agents and Gaussian private signals, focusing on how the observation network affects the speed of learning. Agents learn about a binary state and take turns choosing actions based on own signals and observations of network neighbors’ behavior. The observation network generally presents an obstruction to the efficient…

An Exact and Robust Conformal Inference Method for Counterfactual and Synthetic Controls. (arXiv:1712.09089v7 [econ.EM] UPDATED)

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We introduce new inference procedures for counterfactual and synthetic control methods for policy evaluation. Our methods work in conjunction with many different approaches for predicting counterfactual mean outcomes in the absence of a policy intervention. Examples include synthetic controls, difference-in-differences, factor and matrix completion models, and (fused) time series panel data models. The proposed procedures…

Estimation and Inference for Synthetic Control Methods with Spillover Effects. (arXiv:1902.07343v2 [econ.EM] UPDATED)

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The synthetic control method is often used in treatment effect estimation with panel data where only a few units are treated and a small number of post-treatment periods are available. Current estimation and inference procedures for synthetic control methods do not allow for the existence of spillover effects, which are plausible in many applications. In…